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In addition, earlier this year, H2 Energy entered a joint venture with Phillips 66 to build more than 250 hydrogen refuelling stations in Denmark, Germany and Austria supplied with green hydrogen from H2 Energy.

If built, the plant would cost between $400 and $600 million and would be at the Industrial Park at TransAlta (IPAT), according to the Economic Alliance of Lewis County. FFI is an Australian company with headquarters in America seeking to use the fossil fuel infrastructure and workforce to create clean energy called green hydrogen.

The partnership will initially seek to integrate Choshu's "SHiPS," a containerized hydrogen production and refueling station system, and "MizTomo," a stationary fuel cell power system, into the City's Green Energy Microgrid (GEM) system.

The "SHiPS" and "MizTomo" systems deployment represent the first projects of Lancaster's partnership with Choshu. These systems can be scaled to extend the City's hydrogen capacity to other sectors. Choshu and Lancaster will explore additional opportunities to supply hydrogen to commercial users and to support the city's fleet goal. "Lancaster has committed to having the first all-hydrogen municipal fleet in the United States. We plan to replace Lancaster's current fleet of passenger vehicles with new hydrogen vehicles as leases on gas vehicles expire" said Parris. Additionally, Lancaster is engaged with several hydrogen refueling station providers to develop a network of passenger and heavy-duty vehicle stations.

“Hydrogen could prove to be a missing link to a climate-safe energy future”, Francesco La Camera, Director-General of IRENA said. “Hydrogen is clearly riding on the renewable energy revolution with green hydrogen emerging as a game changer for achieving climate neutrality without compromising industrial growth and social development. But hydrogen is not a new oil. And the transition is not a fuel replacement but a shift to a new system with political, technical, environmental, and economic disruptions.”

To summarize, this paper  has shown, first, that hydrogen is certainly an acceptable, very clean fuel.  Second, it has shown that it can be used at low levels in existing fielded systems, and some low NOx gas turbines exist in the field today that can operate with H2 levels of up to 50% , cofired with natural gas.  Furthermore, systems have been developed to operate with pure hydrogen.  The key development challenge for the future is low NOx, fuel flexible systems, that can be readily operated with a range of fuel compositions, ranging from pure H2 to pure natural gas. Figure 3 below summarizes the hydrogen readiness, R&D needs, and NOx compliance of these various technologies.  All of these will enable the combustion technology of the future — low NOx, wide operability range, fuel flexible combustion systems capable of operating up to 100% hydrogen.

The IPCC highlights low-emission hydrogen as one of the key technologies that the world must urgently invest in to address the effects of climate change. It also underlines the critical importance of cutting emissions in sectors that aren’t easily electrified, such as industrial manufacturing and related processes. "This sector accounts for about a quarter of global emissions,” the report says. "Achieving net zero will be challenging and will require new production processes, low and zero emissions electricity, hydrogen, and, where necessary, carbon capture and storage.”